Budget Impact:

• Liquid fuel consumption by medium- and heavy-duty vehicles (MHDVs) represents 26 percent of all U.S. liquid transportation fuels consumed and has increased more rapidly—in both absolute and percentage terms—than consumption by other sectors. In early recognition of these trends, which are forecast to continue until 2035.
• The average total annual cost of operating one commercial truck $180,000. The largest operating expense is diesel fuel, as a commercial truck can easily consume more than $70,000 of diesel fuel per year.
• The Cost of extraction of an ounce of precious metals is approximately $30-$35 of fuel, per ounce metal extracted, and in volatile timeframes can exceed $100 of fuel per ounce of a precious metal produced.